When plasmashell crashes, restart it like this without logging out:
$ kquitapp plasmashell ; sleep 3 ; plasmashell --shut-up &
If that doesn’t work, kill the process plasmashell with SIGKILL.
If KWin doesn’t work any more, restart it with:
$ kwin_x11 --replace 2>&1 > /dev/null &
To convert a single flac file with a cue sheet to mp3, first split it up:
$ shnsplit -f <sheet.cue> <source.flac>
Then convert the wav-files to mp3 with ffmpeg:
for i in *.wav ; do ffmpeg -i ${i} -codec:a libmp3lame -qscale:a 2 ${i%%wav}mp3 ; done
Or, if you have individual flac files:
for i in *.flac; do ffmpeg -i ${i} -codec:a libmp3lame -qscale:a 2 ${i%%flac}mp3 ; done
qscale:a 2 produces mp3s with an average bitrate around 170-210 kbit/s. It should be close to lossless.
Do not agree to install the missing perl modules from CPAN! Install them via the package manager. If almost every module is missing, perldoc is not installed. Debian is especially nasty here. They have a perldoc executable, even if it isn’t installed, and it only prints “the package perl-doc is not installed” or something and instructions how to install it.
Unfortunately the installer uses perldoc to figure out which modules are missing, so when it calls the stub everything is missing…
If there is a version mismatch, check if you have a CPAN-Version installed in /usr/local/<something>.
# perl -V
shows @INC at the bottom. Remove the offending package and install it via your favorite package manager.
Generate a new config in the new etc-Directory as described in the docs. If you’re using MailWatch, don’t forget to copy
lib/MailScanner/CustomFunctions/MailWatch.pm
to the new directory. Stop mailscanner, link the new version to /opt/MailScanner or something and start it. You applaud 🙂
All in all, it was easy. Just one big caveat regarding apache2. Can’t say if it was PEBKAC any more. But read below.
As stated in the official Upgrade Guide: Do an audit!
# dpkg --audit
Really, do it! And fix the non-compliant packages.
Again, really do it. Otherwise the dist-upgrade will fail on udev, if your custom kernel doesn’t have CONFIG_SIGNALFD, CONFIG_FHANDLE and whatnot built in. You can override it, but then it won’t boot. So better be safe.
Change /etc/apt/sources.list to use jessie. Then
# apt-get update # apt-get dist-upgrade
Carefully watch for configfile-conflicts. Esp. Apache and cyrus! Keep the config for:
Don’t overwrite them! We’ll fix them later!
Reboot into the new system, get systemd running. Again, don’t even think to go on without a reboot
The command for cyr_* has changed. Now it’s so cyrus <*>, so move the old config out of the way and replace it with .dpkg-dist. Then diff it and change the relevant line(s). That would be especially:
lmtpunix cmd="lmtpd" \ listen="/var/spool/postfix/cyrus-socket/lmtp" \ prefork=0 maxchild=20
with
lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" prefork=0 maxchild=20
So don’t listen on an AF_UNIX socket any more but on a network socket. For this to work you need to add this line to /etc/services:
lmtp 24/tcp
LMTP doesn’t seem to be a well known port, whatever…
Now for postfix: Change /etc/postfix/main.cf accordingly:
mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
I.e. listen on a network socket instead of AF_UNIX. This way you don’t have to bother with permissions on the socket file, and it’s IPv6-enabled as a bonus 🙂
Make sure all your files in sites-available end in *.conf! Otherwise they won’t be loaded! I learned the hard way, wondering why SSL-Connections failed because there was no SSL. Check what VHosts are loaded with:
# apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
If that shows no Vhosts, you don’t have any! Fix it. BTW, NameVirtualHost is obsolete. Remove it. So seems to be gnutls…
Create an IPv6-enabled-VHost like this:
<VirtualHost _default_:443> ... </VirtualHost>
NetworkManager is a nice piece of software, congrats to the developers! But there are several catches on Arch Linux:
Some things were just too annoying with awesome:
Overall, a tiling window manager is nice when you use X just as a console multiplexer, but if you want more, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages.
So I decided to give KDE another shot. I used it before, but eventually got annoyed by all the useless crap I don’t want nor need, like Akonadi or Nepomuk.
So I replaced
exec awesome
with
exec startkde
in my .xinitrc. First thing I noticed was my CPU fan spinning up. Baloo_file decided to have my 6 CPUs work overtime. I found out that it is the new file indexer of the KDE framework. Don’t want it, don’t need it, but easily fixed. Just turn off the Desktop Search in System Settings. For good measure I also added
chmod -x /usr/bin/baloo_file
Other than that I’m quite happy with it. cvlc -f always starts full screen again, and a tabbed Konsole is so much nicer than a tiled urxvt 🙂 Chromium and youtube also work as expected again.
What I really miss is separate desktops per screen, but from what I read that won’t be implemented soon, if ever. Well, you can’t have everything. Fortunately I found workarounds for most cases.
RAID-Devices
am@hadante ~ $ sudo mdadm -Q --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 27 13:52:56 2015 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 1463976960 (1396.16 GiB 1499.11 GB) Used Dev Size : 487992320 (465.39 GiB 499.70 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Intent Bitmap : Internal Update Time : Sat Jun 10 15:26:28 2017 State : clean Active Devices : 4 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : archiso:0 UUID : 6d795529:03e05967:c4d50bcf:5dd604b7 Events : 3136 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 130 0 active sync /dev/sdi2 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2 2 8 2 2 active sync /dev/sda2 4 8 146 3 active sync /dev/sdj2
am@hadante ~ $ sudo mdadm -Q --detail /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu May 2 18:08:00 2013 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790405120 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930135040 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sat Jun 10 15:26:58 2017 State : clean Active Devices : 4 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Name : hadante:1 (local to host hadante) UUID : 0227c805:00c429e6:231a9f6f:168e5a4a Events : 587869 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 7 8 64 0 active sync /dev/sde 5 8 80 1 active sync /dev/sdf 6 8 96 2 active sync /dev/sdg 4 8 112 3 active sync /dev/sdh
From top to bottom:
# journalctl -k | grep md1 Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md: md1 stopped. Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md/raid:md1: device sdf operational as raid disk 1 Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md/raid:md1: device sdh operational as raid disk 3 Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md/raid:md1: device sdg operational as raid disk 2 Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md/raid:md1: raid level 5 active with 3 out of 4 devices, algorithm 2 Jun 09 15:25:31 hadante kernel: md1: detected capacity change from 0 to 9001374842880 Jun 09 15:27:46 hadante kernel: md: recovery of RAID array md1 Jun 10 13:44:01 hadante kernel: md: md1: recovery done.
Nothing is as easy as it seems. Sigh… 🙁
I was getting strange timeouts when accessing sites via tunneled IPv6 (OpenVPN). Turned out that the sender never got the ICMPv6-Redirect from the tunnel endpoint, i.e. OpenVPN-Server. The ICMPv6-Packet is sent from the link-local address of the gateway (fe80::some:thin:g/64), because it gets dropped in the FORWARD-Chain of the gateway if the policy is DROP.
Setting it to ACCEPT magically makes things work, but that’s equal to turning off the firewall. Allowing traffic from and to fe80::/8 doesn’t help, either. Never figured out why.
What now? The physdev-module comes to rescue! Despite its name it can match the (virtual) tap-interface of the OpenVPN-Server. Just add the following rules to the beginning of the FORWARD-Chain:
ip6tables -I FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-out tap0 -j ACCEPT ip6tables -I FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-in tap0 -j ACCEPT
and things run smoothly again 🙂
$ dircolors -p > .config/dircolors
... DIR 01;36 # directory ...
eval $(dircolors .config/dircolors)
Ansi Color codes can be found here